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File formats and associated software
These tables list some common file formats and software which will handle them (though it may not be the only software which can be used).
|
File extension |
Definition |
How to process |
|---|---|---|
|
exe |
Self-extracting archive for PCs |
No additional software needed on a PC |
|
.gz |
Gnu version of zip used on Unix |
Use unzip on Unix, MacGZip on Mac, Stuffit Expander for Windows on PC Windows |
|
.hqx |
Macintosh BinHex file encoded as text |
Use Xbin on Unix, Stuffit Expander on Mac, BinHex13 on PC Windows |
|
.sit |
Macintosh archiving and compression format |
Use Stuffit 1.51 on Unix, Stuffit Expander on Mac, Stuffit Expander for Windows on PC Windows |
|
.tar |
Unix archive format. Tar files may also be compressed |
On Unix use command: tar-xf, TAR 4.0b on Mac, WinZIP on PC Windows |
|
.uu or .uue |
File converted to text format using uuencode |
To convert back to original form, use command uudecode on Unix, uuLite 3.0 on Mac, WinCode on PC. If transferred by email, mail program may handle conversion automatically |
|
.Z |
Unix compressed file |
To expand, use command uncompress on Unix if not done automatically by ftp program, Stuffit Expander with Expander Enhancer on Mac, WinZIP on PC Windows |
|
.zip |
pkzip PC compressed file |
To expand, use Stuffit Expander w/EE on Mac, WinZIP on PC |
| .doc | Common PC format for formatted text files | Microsoft Word, WordPerfect for Windows, Wordview. |
| Portable Document Format from Adobe, portable across computing platforms. | Adobe's Acrobat Reader is needed to read pdf files. | |
| .ps | PostScript. Postscript files includes formatting information primarily for printing to a Postscript printer | May be viewed with Ghostscript for Mac, Windows, and Unix. |
| .rtf | Rich Text Format - ASCII rendering of binary word-processed documents. | Programs such as Microsoft Word will convert to and from rtf files. |
| .aiff | Sound format for Apple Mac. Files are downloaded then played locally. | Playable with LiveAudio plug-in which comes with Netscape Navigator 3.0 and higher. Playable in Internet Explorer 3.0+. Also Sound App (Mac) from download.com . |
| .asf | ASF (Advanced Streaming Format) is Microsoft's streaming format. Can include audio, video, scripts, ActiveX controls, and HTML documents. | Windows Media Player (included with Windows 98). |
| .au | Sound format for Unix. Files are downloaded then played locally. Supports 8-bit sound only. | Playable with LiveAudio plug-in which comes with Netscape Navigator 3.0 and higher. Internet Explorer 3.0+ supports .au MIME type. |
| .avi | AVI (audio/video interleaved), video file-type used by Video for Windows, Win '95's multimedia architecture | Windows Media Player. Allows easy integration of Win Word documents and PowerPoint. |
| .dcr | Macromedia Director | Windows Media Player. Allows easy integration of Win Word documents and PowerPoint. |
| .gif | Graphics compression format from Compuserve most suitable for line-art images. | Viewable with Web browser or LView Pro (PC) or Gif Converter (Mac). |
| .jpeg | Compression standard particularly suitable for photographic images. | Viewable with graphical Web browser, also Lview Pro and PolyView. |
| .mid, .midi | Actually a music definition language and communications protocol rather than a format, MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) contains instructions to perform particular commands |
LiveAudio plug-in for Netscape. Automatically playable with sound-enabled versions of Internet Explorer or with Media Player. Also Crescendo!, Yamaha's MIDPLUG. Midi players listed at |
| .mov | Format for QuickTime movies. | Sparkle, MoviePlayer (Mac), QuickTime for Windows. |
| .mpeg .mpg |
(Motion Picture Experts Group). Widely used standard for digital compresssion of moving images. Files are played locally. | MPEG viewers such as MPEGPlay, mtv-1.0, mtvp-sdk, QuickTime MPEG extension, HyperMPEG Player, XingMPEG Player (Windows), Sparkle (Mac). See a list of resources at MPEG.OR at www.mpeg.org/MPEG/MPEG-content.html for extensive list of pointers. |
| .MP3 | MPEG Audio Layer 3. Advanced compression technique for small near-CD-quality audio files | Windows Media Player, Sonique. |
| .png | PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is an extensible file format for faster images intended as a patent-free replacement for the GIF format. | Supported by Internet Explorer 4. |
| .qt | QuickTime movie file type from Apple - files are played locally. | Playable with QuickTime players such as Quicktime for Windows. Player is included in Netscape Navigator 3.0+. |
| .qt3 | QuickTime 3 - advanced compression format for video, audio, MIDI, animation, 3D, etc. | Playable with QuickTime players. |
| .ra, .rm, .ram | Real Audio, pioneering format for streaming audio on the Web optimised for low-to-medium speed connections. | RealPlayer, Windows Media Player |
| .rv | Real Video, format for streaming video on the Web optimised for low-to-medium speed connections. | RealPlayer, Windows Media Player |
| .swf | ShockWave Flash from Macromedia for delivery of graphics and animation on the Internet. | ShockWave, Flash player. |
| .tiff | High-resolution image format | JPEGView (Mac) Lview Pro (PC) |
| .viv | VIVO format for compression of streaming video, particularly over low bandwidth. | www.vivo.com/ |
| .vrml | VRML (Virtual Reality Modelling Language), is an open standard for the definition of 3-dimensional environments used on the WWW. | Simple VRML files can be created with a plain text editor, or for more complex model building, modelling software will probably be required. VRML files are viewed with a VRML helper application or browser plugin such as WorldView. |
| .wav | Windows sound format | Playable with LiveAudio plug-in which comes with Netscape Navigator 3.0 and higher. Playable in Internet Explorer 3.0. Also with Windows Media Player (included with Windows 98). |